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By Andrew D. Bates

DNA because the genetic fabric is a subject of severe curiosity within the twenty first century with the widely used and iconic Watson-Crick double helix having an important significance for its functionality. although, there are additional complexities past the double helix, together with supercoiling, knotting and catenation, which are much less broadly liked and understood yet that are severe to its functionality. This publication explains those topological features of DNA constitution in a transparent and approachable type that may be favored through either scholars and researchers attracted to DNA constitution and serve as.

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5)), where Wr◦ is the writhing contributed by the intrinsic structure of the DNA, rather than by any deformation due to supercoiling. 4), in which the helix axis is considerably contorted. By deforming it, we can demonstrate two extreme cases. If the tubing is forced to lie in a plane, we can see that a twisting of the tubing is required to accomplish the movement. 6)). 9b). So the linking difference is manifested as an untwisting of the DNA double helix. 9c. 9c) (15). For an extended superhelix of this sort, where γ approaches 90◦ , Wr ≈ −n ≈ −4.

E. (1998). DNA bending: the prevalence of kinkiness and the virtues of normality. Nucleic Acids Res. 26, 1906–1926. J. (1992). Straightening out the bends in curved DNA. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1131, 125–132. Hartmann, B. and Lavery, R. (1996). DNA structural forms. Q. Rev. Biophys. 29, 309–368. Nature, 23 January 2003, pp. 395–453. A series of articles celebrating the 50th anniversary of the DNA double helix. Neidle, S. (1999). Oxford handbook of nucleic acid structure. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

However, significant examples of intrinsic curvature of DNA can be demonstrated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Curved DNA molecules show reduced electrophoretic mobilities when compared with straight molecules of the same size. Naïvely this can be correlated with the sieving effect of polyacrylamide gels, whereby curved molecules will pass through the pores less easily than their straight counterparts. e. the helical repeat of B-form DNA). These runs of As (A-tracts) show a structure distinct from random sequence DNA and, when repeated in phase with the helical repeat, result in stable DNA curvature.

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