Download Housing and Finance in Developing Countries by Kavita Datta, Gareth Jones PDF

By Kavita Datta, Gareth Jones

This e-book explores the linkages among formal and casual housing finance drawing upon the teachings of NGO and micro-finance practices. either private and non-private formal finance associations have skilled nice hassle in lending lower than a middle-income patron staff, and are usually reluctant to lend for the aim of housing in any respect. This failure of formal finance to filter out right down to low-income families, and particularly to girls, has led quite a few NGOs and neighborhood teams to create and undertake leading edge finance programmes, reminiscent of casual rate reductions banks and credits rotating schemes. The authors seriously determine the influence of theses schemes, and evaluation hyperlinks among gender, housing and finance.

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According to Ebdon (1995:53) the high repayment rates among women may be due to the earnings from husbands who use the loans and have little to do with the gender of the borrower. The literature provides few indications of how NGOs distinguish good from bad borrowers. The reliance of many NGOs on personal contact and tacit knowledge appears to be justified, but the experience of financial institutions in developed countries is that these are poor predicators of credit-worthiness and need to be backed up with ‘pooled equilibrium’ strategies.

10 One move often made by financial institutions to ensure some equity in finance lending has been to establish programmes to channel subsidies to borrowers. Whereas, in the past, subsidies were distributed fairly 10 FROM SELF-HELP TO SELF-FINANCE indiscriminately as part of general programmes, it is increasingly argued that subsidies should be targeted to prevent them being ‘captured’ by better-off households (Diamond and Lea 1995, UNCHS 1991b). It is argued that the most effective means, both administratively and financially, to target subsidies is through one-off grants rather than recurrent dispersal.

Such studies might consider putting less emphasis on programmes identified in advance as ‘successes’ and look in addition at cases of failed or failing programmes. Analysis of the Group Credit Company in South Africa, for example, reveals the reasons why a Grameen-clone faced collapse after only a few years of operation in urban settlements. Although successful with the first tranche of small loans, the company found that the groups quickly disintegrated as members had little in common other than finance and as mobility levels were high.

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