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By Mark Metzler

This ebook, the 1st complete account of Japan's monetary heritage and the japanese premier within the pivotal years sooner than global conflict II, presents a brand new viewpoint at the international political dynamics of the period by way of putting Japan, instead of Europe, on the middle of the tale. targeting the autumn of liberalism in Japan in overdue 1931 and the worldwide politics of cash that have been on the middle of the predicament, Mark Metzler asks why successive eastern governments from 1920 to 1931 conducted guidelines that intentionally brought on deflation and melancholy. His look for solutions stretches from Edo to London to the ragged borderlands of the japanese empire and from the eighteenth century to the Nineteen Fifties, integrating political and fiscal research to make clear the complicated dynamics of cash, empire, and worldwide hegemony. His specified and huge ranging account illuminates a number concerns together with Japan's involvement within the fiscal dynamics that shook interwar Europe, the nature of U.S. isolationism, and the increase of fascism as a world phenomenon.

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Extra resources for Lever of Empire: The International Gold Standard and the Crisis of Liberalism in Prewar Japan

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The gold standard thus represented a grand simpliWcation and, in the reckoning of most monetary theorists, a great step forward in monetary progress. Like paper money and like the token silver coins issued by the Tokugawa Bakufu, the value of Britain’s new token coins was determined not by their intrinsic metallic content but by their face value as denominated in gold—they were “banknotes printed on silver,” to paraphrase J. M. 16 Indeed, the logic of paper money and fractional-reserve banking—the creation of banknotes or deposit money in excess of currency reserves—could be thought to be the mental model for this system.

37 These years were also pivotal for the world political-economic system as a whole, as they were for the United States in particular. The imperialist scramble continued in the spring and summer of 1898 as imperial armies were set marching from Cuba to the Sudan. At the end of April, an American naval squadron steamed from Hong Kong to Manila Bay, and the American occupation of Manila was completed in August. With the American seizure of Guam in June and the formal annexation of Hawaii in the same month, the United States emerged as a trans-PaciWc empire.

Still new to the business world, Takahashi was afraid of failing again and ruining his chance. He asked Kawata to start him out at the bottom instead. ” He could, he said, use Takahashi as his “doorkeeper” (genkanban). Just then, the new Bank of Japan headquarters was being constructed at the site of the old Tokugawa gold mint (kinza) in Tokyo’s Nihonbashi district. The project was under the general direction of Shibusawa Eiichi, the greatest of all the entrepreneurs of the Meiji era. 20 Takahashi’s immediate supervisor was one of his own former students.

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